Registered under the Societies Act of 1860, the TAI is a not-for-profit organisation managed by the apex body called the Governing Council. Members of GC are elected by the Units in proportion to their membership strength. The Office Bearers of the Central Office are elected by the GC members. The President, Vice President and Chairman are helped by the Honorary General Secretary, two Honorary Joint Secretaries and an Honorary Treasurer. The Units and the Centre have essentially the same Memorandum of Association as well as Rules & Regulations. The Units, with their own Office Bearers, are autonomous in their activities and are joined together through a federal structure under the Central Office at the national level.

Membership is open to all connected with the textile industry, trade, education and research as individuals or as organisations. Individuals can acquire student, ordinary, overseas, life or patron membership. Life membership, very cost effective, is the most popular; while patrons give extra support to the cause of TAI.

The members of Local Managing Committees of the Units and of the Governing Council are elected every two years. The LMC usually meets once a month while GC meets 3 to 4 times a year, to decide policies, to plan activities and to conduct activities.
The phenomenal growth achieved by TAI over 66 years is a result not only of the vision of its founding fathers, but also of the true democratic spirit of a vast number of dedicated textile professionals who have worked tirelessly for the cause of TAI.